4 Apr, 2023

lumen gentium 16 summary

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(13) Cfr. The people of God have no lasting city here below, but look forward to one that is to come. (42) It is described as the spotless spouse of the spotless Lamb,(43) whom Christ "loved and for whom He delivered Himself up that He might sanctify her",(44) whom He unites to Himself by an unbreakable covenant, and whom He unceasingly "nourishes and cherishes",(45) and whom, once purified, He willed to be cleansed and joined to Himself, subject to Him in love and fidelity,(46) and whom, finally, He filled with heavenly gifts for all eternity, in order that we may know the love of God and of Christ for us, a love which surpasses all knowledge. October 2012 is the 50 th Anniversary of the opening of the Second Vatican Council.Pope Benedict XVI declared October 11, 2012 until November 24, 2013 a Year of Faith.He said: It will be a moment of grace and commitment to a more complete conversion to God, to strengthen But, the society structured with hierarchical organs and the Mystical Body of Christ, are not to be considered as two realities, nor are the visible assembly and the spiritual community, nor the earthly Church and the Church enriched with heavenly things; rather they form one complex reality which coalesces from a divine and a human element. ctiam Ven. 4, 1130 (necnon ib. Leo XIII, Epist. Cf. 896: ASS 28 (1895-96) p. 732. When it is looked at in this way, she is already prophetically foreshadowed in the promise of victory over the serpent which was given to our first parents after their fall into sin. It was in Him, before the foundation of the world, that the Father chose us and predestined us to become adopted sons, for in Him it pleased the Father to re-establish all things. . Though it is always in existence, the College is not as a result permanently engaged in strictly collegial activity; the Church's Tradition makes this clear. III, q. Serm. The Church indeed, contemplating her hidden sanctity, imitating her charity and faithfully fulfilling the Father's will, by receiving the word of God in faith becomes herself a mother. IV: Mansi 53, 290. cfr. Iur. Indeed, in order that love, as good seed may grow and bring forth fruit in the soul, each one of the faithful must willingly hear the Word of God and accept His Will, and must complete what God has begun by their own actions with the help of God's grace. 2: col. 357. She exhorts her children to purification and renewal so that the sign of Christ may shine more brightly over the face of the earth. II, 22: PGS, 432 B. Ps.-Dionysius, Eccl. 21 November, 1964. Act. And finally, the bishops, in a universal fellowship of charity, should gladly extend their fraternal aid to other churches, especially to neighboring and more needy dioceses in accordance with the venerable example of antiquity. (37*) This variety of local churches with one common aspiration is splendid evidence of the catholicity of the undivided Church. p. 212.-| Conc. Funk, I, p. 241. It also aids by its vigilant and safeguarding authority those institutes variously established for the building up of Christ's Body in order that these same institutes may grow and flourish according to the spirit of the founders. S. Irenaeus, adv. (47) Conc. This Sacred Council wishes to turn its attention firstly to the Catholic faithful. Iur. 59-60. dogm. (117) It was for this purpose that God sent His Son, whom He appointed heir of all things,(118) that be might be teacher, king and priest of all, the head of the new and universal people of the sons of God. Pius XI, Litt. [1] Nicaenum. Act 6, 2-6; 11, 30; 13, 1, 14, 23; 20, 17; 1 Thess. He is before all creatures and in Him all things hold together. Encycl. crit. 29. Chrysostomus, In Ps. Cfr. (181) Exercising within the limits of their authority the function of Christ as Shepherd and Head,(69*) they gather together God's family as a brotherhood all of one mind,(70*) and lead them in the Spirit, through Christ, to God the Father. (162) And that duty, which the Lord committed to the shepherds of His people, is a true service, which in sacred literature is significantly called "diakonia" or ministry. (22) Before all things, however, the Kingdom is clearly visible in the very Person of Christ, the Son of God and the Son of Man, who came "to serve and to give His life as a ransom for many:"(23). 25, De invocatione Sanctorum: Denz. I also felt the need to explain why this document is important and . I, Const. 1821 (3050 s.). 63, 14: PL 4, 386; Hartel, III B, p. 713: Saccrdos vice Christi vere fungitur .. S. Io. 1:11-12; 1 Cor. Mystici Corporis, 1. c., p. 211: . Mediator Dei 20 nov. 1947: AAS 39 (1947), paesertim p. 552 s. (7) I Cor. (251) By that same charity however, we are urged to live more for Him, who died for us and rose again. For Mary, who since her entry into salvation history unites in herself and re-echoes the greatest teachings of the faith as she is proclaimed and venerated, calls the faithful to her Son and His sacrifice and to the love of the Father. 5, 22; 2 Tim. (4) S. Cyprianus, De Orat Dom. Wherefore this people, while remaining one and only one, is to be spread throughout the whole world and must exist in all ages, so that the decree of God's will may be fulfilled. Mystici Corporis, 1. c., p. 221 ss. As Supreme Pastor of the Church, the Supreme Pontiff can always exercise his power at will, as his very office demands. Cod. They should openly reveal to them their needs and desires with that freedom and confidence which is fitting for children of God and brothers in Christ. (15) De spirituali paupertate et oboedientia testimonia praccipua S.Scripturae et Patrum afferuntur in Relatione pp. Litt. 23. N.B. (40) Cfr. 23, ecr. THE MYSTERY OF THE CHURCH. Conc. As having one day to render an account for their souls,(173) he takes care of them by his prayer, preaching, and all the works of charity, and not only of them but also of those who are not yet of the one flock, who also are commended to him in the Lord. 48: Mansi 51, 549 s. et 619 s. Leo XIII, Epist. This He does in such a way that His work could be compared by the holy Fathers with the function which the principle of life, that is, the soul, fulfills in the human body. In matters of faith and morals, the bishops speak in the name of Christ and the faithful are to accept their teaching and adhere to it with a religious assent. Cfr. And in order that the episcopate itself might be one and undivided, He placed Blessed Peter over the other apostles, and instituted in him a permanent and visible source and foundation of unity of faith and communion. Mystici Corporis, 29 iun. S. Io. Origenes, In Matth. The Christian family loudly proclaims both the present virtues of the Kingdom of God and the hope of a blessed life to come. 54. There is but one Mediator as we know from the words of the apostle, "for there is one God and one mediator of God and men, the man Christ Jesus, who gave himself a redemption for all". Kleutgen, textus reformstus De mysterio Verbi incarnati, cap. Ambrosius, De Vidu s, 4, 23: PL 16, 241 s. (1) Cfr. (231) This is a precious gift of divine grace given by the Father to certain souls,(232) whereby they may devote themselves to God alone the more easily, due to an undivided heart. By these gifts He makes them fit and ready to undertake the various tasks and offices which contribute toward the renewal and building up of the Church, according to the words of the Apostle: "The manifestation of the Spirit is given to everyone for profit". 7, 7: . Encycl. Sacramentarium Leonianum, ed. Because this is so, this Sacred Synod gathers together in . These actions consist in the use of the sacraments and in a special way the Eucharist, frequent participation in the sacred action of the Liturgy, application of oneself to prayer, self-abnegation, lively fraternal service and the constant exercise of all the virtues. Assignatos sibi greges singuli singulos Christi nomine pascunt et regunt. Lumen Gentium holds a central place among council documents and has been received by the Church with nearly universal acclaim. (13*) It is supremely fitting, therefore, that we love those friends and coheirs of Jesus Christ, who are also our brothers and extraordinary benefactors, that we render due thanks to God for them (14*) and "suppliantly invoke them and have recourse to their prayers, their power and help in obtaining benefits from God through His Son, Jesus Christ, who is our Redeemer and Saviour. (70) Cfr. . emptied Himself, taking the nature of a slave",(77) and "being rich, became poor"(78) for our sakes. Damasccnus, Nom. Pius XII, Alloc. 2: Denz. Pius XII, Alloc. 73, a. M., Philad., 1, 1; Magn. (6) S. Clem. Mediator Dei, 20 nov. 1947: AAS 39 (1947) p. 553; Denz. S. Andreas Cret., Hom. in dorm. 940 (1743). On this occasion the Theological Commission makes reference to its Declaration of March 6, 1964, the text of which we transcribe here: "Taking conciliar custom into consideration and also the pastoral purpose of the present Council, the sacred Council defines as binding on the Church only those things in matters of faith and morals which it shall openly declare to be binding. Joined with Christ in the Church and signed with the Holy Spirit "who is the pledge of our inheritance",(245) truly we are called and we are sons of God(246) but we have not yet appeared with Christ in glory,(247) in which we shall be like to God, since we shall see Him as He is. Rerum omnium, 26 ian. Ambrosiascr In I Tim. Therefore in the Church, everyone whether belonging to the hierarchy, or being cared for by it, is called to holiness, according to the saying of the Apostle: "For this is the will of God, your sanctification". It is also referred to as the "Dogmatic Constitution on the Church." Following the approval by the assembled bishops by a vote of 2,151 to 5, it was promulgated by Pope Paul VI on November 21, 1964. (159)(28*) This college, insofar as it is composed of many, expresses the variety and universality of the People of God, but insofar as it is assembled under one head, it expresses the unity of the flock of Christ. (1) Missale Romanum, Gloria in excelsis. Given in Rome at St. Peter's on November 21, 1964. In this way, the whole Church, strengthened by each one of its members, may more effectively fulfill is mission for the life of the world. These laymen spend themselves completely in apostolic labors, working the Lord's field with much success.(10*). Can., can. Pius XII, Litt. His mind and will in the matter may be known either from the character of the documents, from his frequent repetition of the same doctrine, or from his manner of speaking. The full document is available on the internet. 3. In line with all significant Roman Catholic Church documents, it is colloquially known ad Lumen Gentium (Light of the Nations), the first words in the document. The College, which does not exist without the head, is said "to exist also as the subject of supreme and full power in the universal Church." 1943: AAS 35 (1943) p. 214 s. (10) Cfr. 2: PL 92, 330. (7*) In like manner, these institutes may be left or committed to the charge of the proper patriarchical authority. Encycl. (29), The Church is a piece of land to be cultivated, the tillage of God. Vat. In virtue of this power, bishops have the sacred right and the duty before the Lord to make laws for their subjects, to pass judgment on them and to moderate everything pertaining to the ordering of worship and the apostolate. Therefore the promised restoration which we are awaiting has already begun in Christ, is carried forward in the mission of the Holy Spirit and through Him continues in the Church in which we learn the meaning of our terrestrial life through our faith, while we perform with hope in the future the work committed to us in this world by the Father, and thus work out our salvation. Encycl. (214) He united her to Himself as His own body and brought it to perfection by the gift of the Holy Spirit for God's glory. Thus these religious are able to tranquilly fulfill and faithfully observe their religious profession and so spiritually rejoicing make progress on the road of charity. 1923: AAS 15 (1923) p. 50 ct pp. They should be of aid to their fellow citizens. Mich. 5:2-3; Mt. Funk, I, p. 252. (74) Constitutiones Ecclesiac aegyptiacae, III, 2: ed. Mystici Corporis Christi is a papal encyclical issued by Pope Pius XII on June 29, 1943, during World War II, which affirms that the Church is the Mystical Body of Christ. S. Cyprianus, Epist. 2288 (3808).S. A person is initiated into God's people not by physical birth, but by a . Trident., sess. (20) Conc. Florentinum, Decretum pro Graecis: Denz. Pius XII, Litt. (261) Reckoning therefore that "the sufferings of the present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory to come that will be revealed in us",(262) strong in faith we look for the "blessed hope and the glorious coming of our great God and Saviour, Jesus Christ"(263) "who will refashion the body of our lowliness, conforming it to the body of His glory(264), and who will come "to be glorified in His saints and to be marveled at in all those who have believed"(265). Can. (18) Conc. S. Bonaventura, Opusc. Pius XII, Const. The Lord called them blessed in His Gospel and they are those whom "the God of all graces, who has called us unto His eternal glory in Christ Jesus, will Himself, after we have suffered a little while, perfect, strengthen and establish".(226). Pastor aeternis: Denz. De fide catholica, cap. But especially they are able to more fully mold the Christian man to that type of chaste and detached life, which Christ the Lord chose for Himself and which His Mother also embraced. Those who approach the sacrament of Penance obtain pardon from the mercy of God for the offence committed against Him and are at the same time reconciled with the Church, which they have wounded by their sins, and which by charity, example, and prayer seeks their conversion. In this way, the holiness of the People of God will grow into an abundant harvest of good, as is admirably shown by the life of so many saints in Church history. Apost. Because this is so, this Sacred Synod gathered together in the Holy Spirit eagerly desires, by proclaiming the Gospel to every creature,(1) to bring the light of Christ to all people, a light brightly visible on the countenance of the Church. In the interim just as the Mother of Jesus, glorified in body and soul in heaven, is the image and beginning of the Church as it is to be perfected is the world to come, so too does she shine forth on earth, until the day of the Lord shall come,(304) as a sign of sure hope and solace to the people of God during its sojourn on earth. Pius XII, Const. (285) She stands out among the poor and humble of the Lord, who confidently hope for and receive salvation from Him. Thus the divinely established ecclesiastical ministry is exercised on different levels by those who from antiquity have been called bishops, priests and deacons. They bring forth from the treasury of Revelation new things and old,(164) making it bear fruit and vigilantly warding off any errors that threaten their flock. Pius XII, Litt. This is done in virtue of his primacy over the entire Church in order to more fully provide for the necessities of the entire flock of the Lord and in consideration of the common good. "(23*) On the other hand, let them teach the faithful that our communion with those in heaven, provided that it is understood in the fuller light of faith according to its genuine nature, in no way weakens, but conversely, more thoroughly enriches the latreutic worship we give to God the Father, through Christ, in the Spirit. Trid., Sess. On the Blessed Virgin and the Church. It does all it can to relieve their need and in them it strives to serve Christ. De quelle consolation, 1. c., p. 789: Dans les batailles decisives, c'est parfois du front que partent les plus heureuses initiatives..Idem Alloc. Now the laity are called in a special way to make the Church present and operative in those places and circumstances where only through them can it become the salt of the earth (2*). Vat. I. Schema De Ecclesia Christi, cap. Pius XII, Nuntius Radioph., 13 maii 1946: AAS 38 (1946) p. 266. He is the image of the invisible God and in Him all things came into being. The central purpose of the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church (Lumen Gentium) is "to unfold more fully to the faithful of the Church and to the whole world its own inner nature and universal . B.M.V., 3: PG 96, 728. Inter Mirifica, Decree On the Means of Social Communication, 1963. having cooperated by charity that faithful might be born in the Church, who are members of that Head. (165) Bishops, teaching in communion with the Roman Pontiff, are to be respected by all as witnesses to divine and Catholic truth. She conceived, brought forth and nourished Christ. Conc. In the first place among these ministers are deacons, who, in as much as they are dispensers of Christ's mysteries and servants of the Church,(9*) should keep themselves free from every vice and stand before men as personifications of goodness and friends of God. They will accomplish all this for the glory and honor of God. Taking part in the Eucharistic sacrifice, which is the fount and apex of the whole Christian life, they offer the Divine Victim to God, and offer themselves along with It. This edifice has many names to describe it: the house of God (37) in which dwells His family; the household of God in the Spirit;(38) the dwelling place of God among men;(39) and, especially, the holy temple. S. Augustinus, C. Faustum, 12, 20: PL 42, 26S Serm. As the Son was sent by the Father,(131) so He too sent the Apostles, saying: "Go, therefore, make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you. (5) Cfr. Rosweydus, Viqae Patrum, Antwerpiae 1628. (86) Christ instituted this new covenant, the new testament, that is to say, in His Blood,(87) calling together a people made up of Jew and gentile, making them one, not according to the flesh but in the Spirit. 12, 48: Omni autem, cui multum datum est, multum quaeretur ab eo. Sacrosanctum Concilium, Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy, 1963. Reflection and discussion groups may already exist in the parish (committees, commissions, small faith communities) or they may be formed specifically for this . S.Ignatius M. Trall. pp. (13) Cfr. Indeed Christ, the Son of God, who with the Father and the Spirit is praised as "uniquely holy," (1*) loved the Church as His bride, delivering Himself up for her. Wherefore this Holy Synod, in expounding the doctrine on the Church, in which the divine Redeemer works salvation, intends to describe with diligence both the role of the Blessed Virgin in the mystery of the Incarnate Word and the Mystical Body, and the duties of redeemed mankind toward the Mother of God, who is mother of Christ and mother of men, particularly of the faithful. Christ is the light of nations. (12) Cfr. (60) Conc. (43*) The infallibility promised to the Church resides also in the body of Bishops, when that body exercises the supreme magisterium with the successor of Peter. (272)(5*) Thus by their brotherly interest our weakness is greatly strengthened. S. Ignatius M., Trall. (10*) For this reason, by no weak analogy, it is compared to the mystery of the incarnate Word. (Cf. This is clearly proven by the example of so many holy founders. They are justified in the Lord Jesus, because in the baptism of faith they truly become sons of God and sharers in the divine nature. (107) Those of the faithful who are consecrated by Holy Orders are appointed to feed the Church in Christ's name with the word and the grace of God. In all of Christ's disciples the Spirit arouses the desire to be peacefully united, in the manner determined by Christ, as one flock under one shepherd, and He prompts them to pursue this end. (175), 28. 4: ed. L. VIII, cap. 967 (1777). Pastor Aesernus, 4: Denz. Keeping in mind what they are doing and imitating what they are handling,(8*) these priests, in their apostolic labors, rather than being ensnared by perils and hardships, should rather rise to greater holiness through these perils and hardships. (53) In this way all of us are made members of His Body,(54) "but severally members one of another". 2. In nat. Encycl. Sl, 2, 3: PL 38, 33S; Serm. (4) Cfr. Dogm. Pius XII, Litt. As St. Ambrose taught, the Mother of God is a type of the Church in the order of faith, charity and perfect union with Christ. (14) S. Augustinus, Civ. 141 Cf. (248) And therefore "while we are in the body, we are exiled from the Lord (249) and having the first-fruits of the Spirit we groan within ourselves(250) and we desire to be with Christ"'. 40. (21*) Although, however, all the faithful can baptize, the priest alone can complete the building up of the Body in the eucharistic sacrifice. etia Pius XII, Litt. Verified Purchase. (15) Cfr. 32; PL 2, 53. It commends them to God, imparts a spiritual blessing on them and accompanies their self-offering by the Eucharistic sacrifice. 218 (3642). Vous nous avez, 22 sept. 1956: AAS 48 (1956) p. 714. S. Augustinus, D Praed. Adiutricem populi, 5 sept. 1895: ASS 15 (1895-96), p. 303. Finally, the Immaculate Virgin, preserved free from all guilt of original sin,(12*) on the completion of her earthly sojourn, was taken up body and soul into heavenly glory,(13*) and exalted by the Lord as Queen of the universe, that she might be the more fully conformed to her Son, the Lord of lords(297) and the conqueror of sin and death. He did this that He might sanctify her. He it is who brings together the whole Church and each and every one of those who believe, and who is the well-spring of their unity in the teaching of the apostles and in fellowship, in the breaking of bread and in prayers. Since this is so, the spiritual life of these people should then be devoted to the welfare of the whole Church. Because of the very economy of salvation the faithful should learn how to distinguish carefully between those rights and duties which are theirs as members of the Church, and those which they have as members of human society. de antiquis Conciliis, Eusebius, Hist. (36*) With all their energy, therefore, they must supply to the missions both workers for the harvest and also spiritual and material aid, both directly and on their own account. summary. (19) In Trad. (2) Cfr. 98 (215): Presbyteri, licet secundi sint sa erdotcs, pontificatus tamen api em non habent.. S. Cyprianus, Epist. In this way the world may be permeated by the spirit of Christ and it may more effectively fulfill its purpose in justice, charity and peace. Not only, then, is the people of God made up of different peoples but in its inner structure also it is composed of various ranks. Let them confidently assign duties to them in the service of the Church, allowing them freedom and room for action. It is true that those in holy orders can at times be engaged in secular activities, and even have a secular profession. Act. 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