His medical dissertation was titled, The Psychiatric Study of Jesus.. That is the beginning and the foundation of all ethics. He was 90 years old. Albert Schweitzer. ~ Albert Einstein. During 1934 and 1935 he resided in Britain, delivering the Gifford Lectures at Edinburgh University, and those on Religion in Modern Civilization at Oxford and London. Bartolf, Christian; Gericke, Marion; Miething, Dominique (2020): This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 08:10. Schweitzer's death was kept secret through the night because of a request he had made to give his daughter time to send telegrams to relatives. Never say there is nothing beautiful in the world anymore. [88] Biographer James Bentley has written that Schweitzer became a vegetarian after his wife's death in 1957 and he was "living almost entirely on lentil soup". Although thousands of Africans called him "le grand docteur," others plastered his village with signs, "Schweitzer, Go Home! Once, for instance, he all but halted the station's work when he received a letter from a Norwegian child seeking a feather from Parsifal, his pet pelican. Schweitzer presents Bach as a religious mystic, as cosmic as the forces of nature. He returned to Lambarene in 1929 and remained for two years, establishing a pattern of work in Africa and sojourns in Europe during which he lectured, wrote and concertized to raise funds for his hospital. Life becomes harder for us when we live for others, but it also becomes richer and happier. He made the Africans too lazy to pick them bare.. Schweitzer's book (and other writings as well) disputed the theory that human progress toward civilization was inevitable. He had barely started to clear the jungle when World War I broke out. Albert Schweitzer's engagement with Judaism, and with the Jewish community more generally, has never been the subject of substantive discussion. Seek always to do some good, somewhere. As a boy, Albert was frail in health but robust in intellect and talent. | Sdkurier Online", "Harrison & Harrison organ catalogue by name London", Dr. Albert Schweitzer: "My Address to the People" Commitment against Nuclear War, John D. Regester Collection on Albert Schweitzer, Newspaper clippings about Albert Schweitzer, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Albert_Schweitzer&oldid=1142059300. " Albert Schweitzer 31. The hospital suffered from squalor and was without modern amenities, and Schweitzer had little contact with the local people. I can do no other than to have compassion for all that is called life. Humanitarian and theologian. He thought that Western civilization was decaying because it had abandoned affirmation of life as its ethical foundation. Dr. Schweitzer became especially famous for giving benefit concerts and lectures in Europe as a means of fundraising for his hospital back in Africa. [45], Schweitzer contrasts Paul's "realistic" dying and rising with Christ to the "symbolism" of Hellenism. And now, when you speak about missions, let this be your message: We must make atonement for all the terrible crimes we read of in the newspapers. He was 90 years old. Louis Schweitzer, Alberts father, was pastor to a Lutheran congregation at Kaysersberg, a Protestant church located in a predominantly Catholic place. I can do no other than be reverent before everything that is called life. She Of course, it had no telephone, radio or airstrip. He was the son of Louis Schweitzer and Adle Schillinger. He was however also a theologian, organist, philosopher, and physician. Albert Schweitzer, the son of an Evangelical Lutheran minister, was born on . Dr. Albert Schweitzer found no cancers in Africa at all as a doctor there from 1913 to 1930, and then found the chemicalized, European processed . He and his wife are buried on the Hospital grounds in Lambarn. The latter activity resulted in several volumes over the years that made his reputation as a major, albeit somewhat controversial, theologian. He received the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of "Reverence for Life", which states that the only thing we are really sure of is that we live and want to go on living. For 158 years now, it has continued to be the well-worn and widely accepted conclusion that Albert, Prince Consort to Queen Victoria, died an untimely death by typhoid fever on 14 December 1861.Without recourse to detailed research or the challenging of past conclusions, this cause of death has been repeated from one source to the next as a given. Schweitzer writes: The Jesus of Nazareth who came forward publicly as the Messiah, who preached the ethic of the kingdom of God, who founded the kingdom of heaven upon earth and died to give his work its final consecration never existed. Albert Schweitzer, OM (14 January 1875 - 4 September 1965) was a French-German theologian, organist, writer, humanitarian, philosopher, and physician. It resulted in a book, "Paul and The answer came in a flash of mystic illumination in September, 1915, as he was steaming up the Ogooue River in Africa. He responded with remarkable courtesy for about 20 minutes until one questioner prodded him He took the search for the good life seriously. [29] It became his custom to play during the lunch hour and on Sunday afternoons. At the age of 18 he entered the University of It was a beautiful locale and one that Albert would often return to for the rest of his life, especially when he was weary from his many medical and missionary responsibilities. Although Schweitzer's views on Africa were out of date, he did what no man had done before him--he healed thousands and he welded world attention on Africa's many plights. Dr. Albert Schweitzer who renounced fame and fortune as a musician 43 years ago - and who is on a visit to London - went to the Royal festival Hall yesterday - where he tried out the festival organ which he said ''She is magnificent - she is beautiful''. By extreme application and hard work, he completed his studies successfully at the end of 1911. dispensary were complete when he departed for Europe in midsummer 1927. Visitors who equated cleanliness, tidiness and medicine were horrified by the station, for every patient was encouraged to bring one or two members of his family to cook In the following year he became provisional Principal of the Theological College of Saint Thomas, from which he had just graduated, and in 1903 his appointment was made permanent. In their first nine months in Africa, they treated more than 2,000 patients. An ethical human strives to escape from this contradiction so far as possible. It's you, of yourself, of whom you must ask a lot. " Albert Schweitzer Man's ultimate redemption through beneficent activity--the theme of Part II of Goethe's "Faust," a metaphysical poem much admired by Albert Schweitzer--threads through this extraordinary man's long, complex and sometimes curious These recordings were made in the course of a fortnight in October 1936.[94]. But after a century spent healing the sick, the hospital has spent the past . In a sermon that he preached on 6 January 1905, before he had told anyone of his plans to dedicate the rest of his life to work as a physician in Africa, he said:[64]. Schweitzer's ethical system, elucidated at length in "The Philosophy of Civilization," is boundless in its domain and in its demands. Strasbourg as a student in theology, philosophy and musical theory. In 1957, Schweitzer was one of the founders of The Committee for a Sane Nuclear Policy. As the sun makes ice melt, kindness causes misunderstanding, mistrust, and hostility to evaporate." ~ Albert Schweitzer. In 1899, Schweitzer became a deacon at the church of Saint Nicholas in Strasbourg. ~ Albert Schweitzer. Albert Schweitzer made notable organ recordings of Bach's music in the 1940s and 1950s. "At times our own light goes out and is rekindled by a spark from . Prelude in C major (Vol 4, 1); Prelude in D major (Vol 4, 3); Canzona in D minor (Vol 4, 10) (with Mendelssohn, Sonata in D minor op 65.6). be cited than the fact--regarded locally as something of a miracle--of his own survival.". By 1920, his health recovering, he was giving organ recitals and doing other fund-raising work to repay borrowings and raise funds for returning to Gabon. Albert Schweitzer - At times our own light goes out and is. According to some authors, Schweitzer's thought, and specifically his development of reverence for life, was influenced by Indian religious thought and in particular the Jain principle of ahimsa, or non-violence. Carl Dean Switzer, the actor who as a child played Alfalfa in the Our Gang comedy film series, dies at age 31 in a fight, allegedly about money, in a Mission Hills, California, home. Allez-vous, OPP-opp. Another major difference between Paul's "realism" and Hellenistic "symbolism" is the exclusive nature of the former and the inclusive nature of the latter. He became a welcome guest at the Wagners' home, Wahnfried. [83] He was also a chevalier of the Military and Hospitaller Order of Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem. "In your commitment to truth and service," the President cabled, "you have touched and deepened the live of millions you have never met. In 1912, now armed with a medical degree, Schweitzer made a definite proposal to go as a physician to work at his own expense in the Paris Missionary Society's mission at Lambarn on the Ogoou river, in what is now Gabon, in Africa (then a French colony). [41], On the other hand, a more developed form of mysticism can be found in the Greek mystery-cults that were popular in first-century A.D. society. Schweitzer came to French Equatorial Africa as a tall, handsome, broadly powerful young man with a shock of rich, black hair, an enormous mustache and a look of piercing determination in his bold eyes. There he studied theology, philology, and the theory of music. [43] He summarizes Pauline mysticism as "being in Christ" rather than "being in God". '", "The iron door has yielded," he went on, "the path in the thicket had become visible. [10], From 1893 Schweitzer studied Protestant theology at the Kaiser Wilhelm University in Strasbourg. concerts on the organ, conducted a heavy correspondence and examined Pauline ideas, especially that of dying and being born again "in Jesus Christ." Mankind had to choose to create the moral structures of civilization: the world-view must derive from the life-view, not vice versa. 3 in A minor. Schweitzer was not only struck by the application of these verses to himself, but even more by the over-all content of the two chapters as expressed in Jesus' assertion that "the kingdom of heaven is at hand." "In reality, that which is eternal in the words of Jesus is due to the very fact that they are based on an eschatological world-view, and contain the expression of a mind [1] His contributions to the interpretation of Pauline Christianity concern the role of Paul's mysticism of "being in Christ" as primary and the doctrine of justification by faith as secondary. Lambarene, on the Ogooue River a few miles from the Equator, is in the steaming jungle. In the Preface to Civilization and Ethics (1923) he argued that Western philosophy from Descartes to Kant had set out to explain the objective world expecting that humanity would be found to have a special meaning within it. [48] He explains, "only the man who is elected thereto can enter into relation with God". In addition to injuries, he was often treating severe sandflea and crawcraw infections, yaws, tropical eating sores, heart disease, tropical dysentery, tropical malaria, sleeping sickness, leprosy, fevers, strangulated hernias, necrosis, abdominal tumours and chronic constipation and nicotine poisoning, while also attempting to deal with deliberate poisonings, fetishism and fear of cannibalism among the Mbahouin. In 1896, at the age of 21, he pledged himself that he would give the following nine Even so, Schweitzer found many instances in world religions and philosophies in which the principle was denied, not least in the European Middle Ages, and in the Indian Brahminic philosophy. He established a hospital and treated the natives there. LAMBARENE, GABON, Sept. 5--Albert Schweitzer died last night in his jungle hospital here. He died at 11:30 P.M. (6:30 P.M. New York time). 8 Department of Cardiology II -Electrophysiology; University of Mnster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebude A1, D-48149 Mnster, Germany. Medical mistakes claim about 400,000 people every year in U.S. His co-workers Albert Schweitzer was born in a small town in France in 1875 and he passed away in Gabon, Africa in 1965 after a rich and illustrious career. You must give some time to your fellow man. Ludwig Philipp Albert Schweitzer OM (German: [albt vats] (); 14 January 1875 - 4 September 1965) was an Alsatian polymath.He was a theologian, organist, musicologist, writer, humanitarian, philosopher, and physician. His pamphlet "The Art of Organ Building and Organ Playing in Germany and France" (1906,[25] republished with an appendix on the state of the organ-building industry in 1927) effectively launched the 20th-century Orgelbewegung, which turned away from romantic extremes and rediscovered baroque principlesalthough this sweeping reform movement in organ building eventually went further than Schweitzer had intended. When the Dives represented opulent Europe, and Lazarus, with his open sores, the sick and helpless of Africa. Among his many charitable works, Dr. Schweitzer founded a hospital in Lambarn, which was situated in what was then known as French Equatorial Africa, and is today the capital of the province of Moyen-Ogoou in the nation of Gabon. 1924 In 1924 he returned to his hospital in Lambarene, which was to be restored after years of decay during his absence. He was buried in a brief and simple ceremony early this afternoon next to an urn containing the ashes of his wife, Helene, who died in Europe in 1957. [61] Cameron did not make public what he had seen at the time: according to a BBC dramatisation, he made the unusual journalistic decision to withhold the story, and resisted the expressed wish of his employers to publish an expos. A Lutheran, Schweitzer challenged both the secular view of Jesus as depicted by historical-critical methodology current at this time, as well as the traditional Christian view. Biography - A Short Wiki The comparison of NOAC-based DAT vs. vitamin . Today ASF helps large numbers of young Americans in health-related professional fields find or create "their own Lambarn" in the US or internationally. [84][bettersourceneeded], Schweitzer is often cited in vegetarian literature as being an advocate of vegetarianism in his later years. Albert Schweitzer suffered a stroke on 28 August 1965 and died from it on 4 September 1965 in Lambarn., at the age of 90. Whatever Schweitzer's idiosyncrasies, he constructed a profound and enduring ethical system expressed in the principle Ehrfurcht vor dem Leben or Reverence of Life. Schweitzer, the pastor's son, grew up in this exceptional environment of religious tolerance, and developed the belief that true Christianity should always work towards a unity of faith and purpose. He is the director of the Center for the History of Medicine and the George E. Wantz Distinguished Professor of the History of Medicine at the University of Michigan. Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965) was an Alsatian-German religious philosopher, musicologist, and medical missionary in Africa. Death, Cause unspecified 4 September 1965 at 11:30 AM in Lambarn (Age 90) . Ever the autodidact, during this period Albert also served as curate for the church Saint-Nicolas in Strasbourg. and worked unobtrusively. at the drop of a cause. In 19256, new hospital buildings were constructed, and also a ward for white patients, so that the site became like a village. In a telegram that Mrs. Eckert sent to them from here Saturday, she said: "He is dying, inevitably and soon. We must make atonement for the still worse ones, which we do not read about in the papers, crimes that are shrouded in the silence of the jungle night Schweitzer was nonetheless still sometimes accused of being paternalistic in his attitude towards Africans. In 1906, he published Geschichte der Leben-Jesu-Forschung [History of Life-of-Jesus research]. He planned to spread the Gospel by the example of his Christian labour of healing, rather than through the verbal process of preaching, and believed that this service should be acceptable within any branch of Christian teaching. The living conditions, too, were horrid with makeshift huts for shelter and medical care, hot, steamy tropical days, cold nights, and huge gusts of wind and rainfall. There is always something to make you wonder in the shape of a tree, the trembling of a leaf. Rachel Carson, 1963 Speech in Rachel Carson: Silent Spring & Other Writings on the Environment; Few authors in modern times can be said to have redirected the course of an entire field of study. [44] Therefore, Schweitzer argues that Paul is the only theologian who does not claim that Christians can have an experience of "being-in-God". READ MORE: Celebrating the life of Alice Hamilton, founding mother of occupational medicine. ", His attitude was sharply expressed in a story he liked to tell of his orange trees. Among the messages he received was one from President Johnson. On Oct. 13, 1905, he posted letters from Paris to his parents and friends saying that at the start of the winter term he would become a medical student to prepare himself Darrell. Schweitzer also wrote the book, The Animal World of Albert Schweitzer, a collection of Schweitzer's writings about the application of ethics to the animal kingdom. Date of death. has grown, entirely under his hand and direction, into a sizable colony where between 500 and 600 people live in reasonable comfort. He was popular for being a Doctor. Under this title the book became famous in the English-speaking world. At the same time, he was a child of the 19th century, accepting it less unruly); age seamed his face, shrunk his frame, made him appear bandy-legged; time softened his eyes and made them less severe. Will Peace Living. Schweitzer's recordings of organ-music, and his innovative recording technique, are described below. As the sun makes ice melt, kindness causes misunderstanding, mistrust, and hostility to evaporate. It is a historical review of ethical thought leading to his own . Quotes about Schweitzer [] He simply acted out of inner necessity. [65] For instance, he thought that Gabonese independence came too early, without adequate education or accommodation to local circumstances. Until he extends his circle of compassion to include all living things, man will not himself find peace. This, In this respect, he was undoubtedly made more of by cultists than he was willing to make of himself, although he was by no means a man with a weak ego. He is suffering from a heart ailment. His grave, on the banks of the Ogoou River, is marked by a cross he made himself. Schweitzer's accomplishments are recognized even by his most caustic critics. Sir Donald Tovey dedicated his conjectural completion of Bach's The Art of Fugue to Schweitzer. [13][14][15][16] He published his PhD thesis at the University of Tbingen in 1899. This book, which established his reputation, was first published in English in 1910 as The Quest of the Historical Jesus. Throughout his lifetime, he was presented various accolades, including The Nobel Peace Prize and the Goethe Prize. With the new hospital built and the medical team established, Schweitzer returned to Europe in 1927, this time leaving a functioning hospital at work. Then a single cardioid microphone is placed on axis, bisecting the figure-8 pattern. It speaks so piously of human dignity and human rights and then disregards this dignity and these rights of countless millions and treads them underfoot, only because they live overseas or because their skins are of different colour or because they cannot help themselves. On Good Friday of 1913, the couple set sail, at their own expense, from Bordeaux to Africa. [12] In 1899, Schweitzer spent the summer semester at the University of Berlin and eventually obtained his theology degree at the University of Strasbourg. The family and close friends were prepared for the end. for the good of fellow men who need the help of a fellow man." A judge ordered his release Tuesday after hours of expert testimony on new evidence showing Schweitzer wasn't responsible for the death of Ireland, 23, a tourist from Virginia. Schweitzer wrote, "True philosophy must start from the most immediate and comprehensive fact of consciousness, and this may be formulated as follows: 'I am life which wills to live, and I exist in the midst of life which wills to live. The name of Jesus has become a curse, and our Christianityyours and minehas become a falsehood and a disgrace, if the crimes are not atoned for in the very place where they were instigated. Last edited on 28 February 2023, at 08:10, Jesus as depicted by the historical-critical method, Strasbourg Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, Association Internationale Albert Schweitzer, Military and Hospitaller Order of Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Religion & the Treatment of God's Creatures", "Review of "The Mystery of the Kingdom of God", "An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrad's Heart of Darkness", "Albert Schweitzer and Henry Fonda's Lost Special", "List of Members of the Order of Merit, past and present", "History of Vegetarianism Dr Albert Schweitzer (18751965)", "Knigsfeld feiert ?Schweitzer-Erben? Helene took up nursing to help her husband in his pursuits; later, she became skilled at delivering anesthesia to the patients on whom Albert would operate. A man of peace and non-violence, Albert Schweitzer is the total antithesis of those who sought to remake the world via war, violent revolution, genocide, terrorism, and the killing fields. Schweitzer maintained that the life of Jesus must be interpreted in the light of Jesus' own convictions, which reflected late Jewish eschatology and apocalypticism. Gradually his opinions and concepts became acknowledged, not only in Europe, but worldwide. : "I see in him one of the most eminent geniuses in the history of medicine. Rather, Paul uses the phrase "being-in-Christ" to illustrate how Jesus is a mediator between the Christian community and God. At the same time he gave organ concerts, delivered lectures and wrote books about theology. He was there again from 1929 to 1932. [49] Although every human being is invited to become a Christian, only those who have undergone the initiation into the Christian community through baptism can share in the "realistic" dying and rising with Christ. [11] Schweitzer served his one-year compulsory military service in 1894. In 1923, the family moved to Knigsfeld im Schwarzwald, Baden-Wrttemberg, where he was building a house for the family. Respect for life, overcoming coarser impulses and hollow doctrines, leads the individual to live in the service of other people and of every living creature. "Even if it's a little thing, do something for those who have need of a man's help, something for which you get no pay but the privilege of doing In those years he completed his doctoral thesis in philosophy, a study of Imanuel Kant's views on religion; studied the organ, again with Widor in Paris; won his doctorate in theology; was ordained a curate; taught theology and became principal of the end came; at first Jesus believed that his Messianic reign would begin before his disciples returned from the teaching mission commanded of them in the Gospel according to St. Matthew. The "realistic" partaking in the mystery of Jesus is only possible within the solidarity of the Christian community.[44]. Gerson died in 1959, eulogized by long-time friend, Albert Schweitzer M.D. There is always something to make you wonder in the shape of a tree, the trembling of a leaf.". Description and criticism] (published in English in 1948 as The Psychiatric Study of Jesus. People robbed native inhabitants of their land, made slaves of them, let loose the scum of mankind upon them. The maladies the Schweitzers treated were both horrific and deadly. The maladies the Schweitzers treated were both horrific and deadly. Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965) Julian Gotobed, 2004 Albert Schweitzer was born on 14th January 1875 at Kaysersberg in Upper Alsace, Germany, a region that is now part of France. The film The Legacy of Albert Schweitzer, narrated by Henry Fonda, was produced by Warner Brothers and aired once. Known as the "Schweitzer Technique", it is a slight improvement on what is commonly known as mid-side. The doctor never entirely left the pursuit of music and became well known as a virtuoso on the keyboard and pipes, especially when he played the works of Bach. ", "Let me give you a definition of ethics," he wrote on another occasion. This compromise arose after the Protestant Reformation and the Thirty Years' War. [90] Stamos noted that Schweitzer held the view that evolution ingrained humans with an instinct for meat so it was useless in trying to deny it. for the life of a physician in French Equatorial Africa. He was twice nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor; the first nomination came in 1954 for his performance in Roman Holiday, and the second in 1973 for The Heartbreak Kid. Albert Schweitzer was born at Kaystersberg, Haute Alsace (now Haut-Rhin), Jan. 14, 1875, just two months after Germany had annexed the province from war-prostrate France. In recent years, many have taken him to task for decidedly paternalistic and racist descriptions of his African patients that would offend many a 21st century observer. East European Jewish Immigrants and the New York City Epidemics of 1892, When Germs Travel: Six Major Epidemics That Have Invaded America Since 1900 and the Fears They Have Unleashed and An Anatomy of Addiction: Sigmund Freud, William Halsted, and the Miracle Drug Cocaine., Left: On the other hand, the Hellenist "lives on the store of experience which he acquired in the initiation" and is not continually affected by a shared communal experience.[47]. Although Paul is widely influenced by Hellenistic thought, he is not controlled by it. [91], The prize was first awarded on 29 May 2011 to Eugen Drewermann and the physician couple Rolf and Raphaela Maibach in Knigsfeld im Schwarzwald, where Schweitzer's former residence now houses the Albert Schweitzer Museum. Astounding plans e'en now are brewing: In January 1937, he returned again to Lambarn and continued working there throughout World War II. to the church to play Bach. The natives have all the usual diseases, plus Hansen's He refused to attend a committee to inquire into his doctrine, but met each committee member personally and was at last accepted. [80] With the $33,000 prize money, he started the leprosarium at Lambarn. He maintained, instead, that man must rationally formulate an ethical creed and then strive to put it into practice. Albert Schweitzer 30. In Reverence for Life, he concluded, "knowledge passes Also, he is famous for being a music scholar and an organist. Eddie Albert was showered with all the love and care anyone could hope for during his last days. " Man has lost the capacity to foresee and to forestall. That said, Dr. Schweitzer did devote more than half a century to practicing medicine in a remote location where few of his colleagues would dare to visit and for people who desperately needed medical care. In his story for PBS NewsHour, Dr. Howard Markel, University of Michigan medical historian writes: The epidemic promoted It is conceivably the only formal philosophical concept ever to spring to life amid For Schweitzer, mankind had to accept that objective reality is ethically neutral. A fost una dintre cele mai complexe i impresionante personaliti ale secolului XX.
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